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ZOOROB, S. E.; SUPARMA, L. B. Laboratory design and investigation of the properties of bituminous composites containing recycled plastics aggregate replacement (PlastiPhalt). In: CIB SYMPOSIUM ON CONSTRUCTION E ENVIRONMENT: THEORY INTO PRACTICE, 2000, São Paulo. Anais… São Paulo, 2000.
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Abstract

Laboratory investigations at CEMU have shown that recycled plastics composed predominantly of Polypropylene (PP) and Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) can be incorporated in conventional Hot Rolled Asphalt and Asphaltic Concrete road surfacing mixtures. In the correct proportions, a definite improvement in stiffness and strength of the resultant composites, referred to as (PlastiPhalts) have been demonstrated. The mixing and compaction temperatures need to be carefully controlled to cater for the differing softening points of the two plastic types. At worse, with minimal temperature control, the plastics behave as inert aggregates contributing to the continuation of the mineral aggregate interlock. On the other hand, if the mixing and compaction temperatures are carefully selected, the plastics can be compacted near their softening point temperatures thus creating a much greater improvement in resultant mix strength as the semi-molten plastic granules key into and strongly adhere to the surrounding mineral aggregate particles. Replacement of LDPE in Asphaltic Concrete can result in an improvement in Marshall Stability at 60 °C of at least 60% and replacement of PP in HRA can result at least 26.5% improvement in this value. In their shredded form, the plastic improve the strength of gap graded HRA mixes which have a large fines component and can accommodate the flaky nature of the shreddings. In the case of Asphaltic Concretes, where the coarse aggregates form a continuous skeleton, the plastic flakes tend to flex/bend during the compaction process which results in slight decompaction upon the release of the compactive effort as the plastic flakes attempt to rebound. This is not the case when the plastics are in pellet form. The greater the proportion of plastics in the PlastiPhalt, the lower the mix density, which is an advantage in terms of haulage costs. A 30% aggregate replacement by volume will result in 17% reduction in unit weight of the bituminous composite. The properties of hot recycled PlastiPhalts have also been investigated. Overall, PlastiPhalt mixes posses greater strength and durability compared to conventional mixes.
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