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Shrestha, Jagan. Performance of solar powered water pumping systems in Nepal: an analysis. 2005 SOLAR WORLD CONGRESS, 2005, Orlando, Flórida.
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Abstract

Nepal, with a per capita energy consumption of about 15 GJ, is one of the lowest energy-consuming countries in the world. More than 85% of its total energy comes from traditional energy sources such as fuel wood, agriculture residues and animal waste. This has led to grave consequences on ecological and environmental degradation. It is reported that more than 80% of 19.6 million rural people do not have access to piped safe drinking water. Reducing the time women have to spend in water collection in hilly rural areas is one of the policy aims for expanding water supply. Easy access to safe drinking water supply significantly changes the physical quality of life index. Keeping this in mind, His Majesty's Government of Nepal has provided policy guidelines to provide access to safe piped water supply for the entire population by the end of its Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-2007). This will be difficult to achieve unless new Renewable Energy Technologies (RETs), such as locally available abundant solar energy, are used when the other cheaper alternatives are not available. This paper contains a brief account of the present solar energy scenario of Nepal. It focuses on how solar photovoltaic water pumping systems (SPVWPS) were developed between late 1980s and July 2004, along with its technical problems and prospects. The paper highlights on why the SPVWPS installed in late 1980s failed totally. The paper also highlights small scale SPVWPS with a locally manufactured almost foolproof balance of system. The paper highlights the present government policy and strategy, main barriers and suggestions for their removal in using SPVWPS. The paper indicates how end-users could be involved from the very beginning at the planning stage of SPVWPS.
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